Research Papers (english)

  • Does Active Management Add Value? The Brazilian Mutual Fund Market
    Resumo

    Does active management add or destroy value? With a sample of 699 with four different main categories: stocks, fixed income, hedge and exchange rate mutual funds we conclude that the active management add value to investors in stocks and hedge funds. But in fixed income mutual funds the evidence is against the active management. We also analyze the determinants of significant alphas. For stocks and hedge funds the evidence suggests that old, big and active funds generate biggest alphas. In fixed income funds the evidence is not clear, only a positive relationship between size and alphas could be found.

  • The Sao Paulo Stock Exchange and the Economic Stabilization
    Resumo

    The inflationary stabilization recently observed in Brazil brings a lot of changes in all aspects of the country’s economic life. In this work we look at the impacts on the stock market, specifically at Bovespa - the São Paulo Stock Exchange. We analyze the leading variables and statistics that describe Bovespa’s behavior, such as volatility and systematic risk, comparing the four years preceding and the four years after 1994, when the Real Plan was implemented. In order to eliminate exogenous influences, we use control series made with international Stock Exchanges Indexes. The results show that after 1994 there was reduced volatility, increased trade volume, reduced efficiency of the Bovespa Index and no changes in systematic risk.

  • The Influence of Macroeconomic Factors on Primary Issues in the Brazilian Market
    Resumo

    This research analyses the influence of the macroeconomic factors on the primary issue of stocks and debentures in the Brazilian market. Previous studies have agreed on the importance of aspects of the economic situation on a company’s capital structure, but have not established a relationship between the macroeconomic variables and the level of aggregate debt; we can mention Procianoy and Caselani (1997) and Terra (2003) as examples of this. According to Leal (2000), the limitations of the Brazilian capital market suggest that management takes advantage of moments of euphoria in the market - whether caused by a reduction in the rate of interest or by the return being offered by the equity market - to raise funds at rates that are more advantageous to the company. This characterizes the first evidence we have of opportunistic behavior influencing a company’s financing decisions. Eid Jr. (1996) provides us with the first evidence of this opportunistic behavior in his research in which 47% of those interviewed said that they chose fund sources that are economically more advantageous.

  • Capital Structure in Brazil: Review of Studies During the Period of 1988-2003
    Resumo

    A systematic review was made of studies regarding the capital structure in Brazil during the period of 1988-2003. The recurring themes relate to the static tradeoff and pecking order in various moments of the economy, the fiscal benefits of indebtedness and interest on privately-owned capital, and the inefficacies of the stock market. The Brazilian companies enjoy little leverage as compared to other emerging markets. BNDES is responsible for 5% of the gross formation of fixed capital. The funding of resources occurs at opportune moments, and the financing decision may precede that of investment. Efficacy of the judiciary system and company transparency positively affect access to credit.

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